Journal of Islamic Crafts

fa مطالعه ساختار و نقوش سکه‌دوزی معاصر سیستان و بلوچستان Studying the Structure and Motifs of Contemporary Coin Embroidery in Sistan and Baluchestan مبانی نظری هنر اسلامی 2 پژوهشي Original Research <div style="text-align: justify;">از مهم‌ترین هنر‌های رو به زوال سیستان و بلوچستان، سکه‌دوزی است. این پژوهش با هدف تبیین و گونه‌شناسی ساختار و نقوش سکه‌دوزی سیستان و بلوچستان صورت گرفته است. ماهیت این پژوهش، کاربردی است و از نظر نوع، توصیفی – تحلیلی به شمار می‌رود. روش گردآوری اطلاعات، کتابخانه‌ای، مشاهده تصاویر و مصاحبه است. روش تحلیل، کیفی است. روش نمونه‌گیری، گزینشی است و هفت نمونه از 50 سال اخیر بررسی شده است. این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که نقوش هندسی به  عنوان مهم‌ترین عنصر زیبایی‌شناسانه هنر سکه‌دوزی مطرح است. نقوش سکه‌دوزی بلوچ با زندگی، طبیعت و بینش مردمان آن منطقه ارتباط کامل و مستقیم دارد. با توجه به نقوشی چون ستاره، خورشید و اعدادی چون 3، 5، 9، 11 و غیره، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که مردمان سیستان و بلوچستان از علم ستاره‌شناسی و نجوم بهره می‌گیرند. از پرکاربردترین نقوش هندسی در هنر سکه‌دوزی، نقش دایره است. استفاده از تناسبات و قرینگی در نقوشی مانند دایره، مربع، مثلث و لوزی، از اصلی‌ترین قوانین نقوش هندسی در هنر سکه‌دوزی است. نقوش گیاهی نیز به‌صورت طرح‌هایی انتزاعی شکل می‌گیرند. نقش‌هایی انسانی همانند چشم، انسان، زن و مرد و غیره در نمونه نقوش سکه‌دوزی سیستان و بلوچستان قابل مشاهده است. گوش‌ماهی از نمادهایی است که به اصالت و هویت سکه اشاره دارد. از دیگر ویژگی‌های مهم هنر سکه‌دوزی بلوچ، تنوع رنگی و کثرت رنگ‌ها است. رنگ در این هنر، توسط نخ‌های رنگی پشمی شکل می‌گیرد و در بیشتر نمونه‌های سکه‌دوزی، رنگ غالب بر زمینه قرمز و سبز است و رنگ‌هایی چون آبی و سفید نیز در تمامی نمونه‌ها موجود هستند.</div> The gateway between Indian and Iranian cultures is Baluchestan. The art flourishing in this land is due to its linguistic, cultural, and geographical location. Coin embroidery is a declining art in Sistan and Baluchistan. The art of these women is needlework or coin embroidery, which is an ancient art that has many aesthetic aspects. Symbols are an important part of the currency. Roles are driven primarily by nature and moral concepts. This research examines the art of coin embroidery in Sistan and Baluchistan, which aids in understanding the cultural and ancient dimensions of this region. This research aims to explain and categorize the structure and motifs of coin embroidery in Sistan and Baluchistan. What are the structures and patterns of coin embroidery art in Sistan and Baluchistan? This is the main question. The research's application is descriptive-analytical in terms of type. The library, viewing pictures, and interviews are the ways in which information is collected. The method of analysis is qualitative. The sampling method is selective, and seven samples from the past 50 years have been analyzed. This research shows that geometric motifs are considered the most important aesthetic element of the art of coin embroidery, but it shows that all geometric elements, including line, texture, shape, color, and rhythm, are made by symbolic abstraction, and this abstraction is related to the background of Baloch people's life. And this special aesthetic characteristic of the abstract art of coin embroidery can be considered a kind of identity document for the coin embroidery of Sistan and Baluchistan, which is transferred from the past to the present and the future generations. Baloch coin embroidery motifs have a direct relationship with the life, nature, and the vision of the people of that region, and considering motifs such as stars, suns, and numbers such as 3, 5, 9, 11, etc., it can be concluded that the people of Sistan and Baluchistan are familiar with the science of astronomy. Astronomy is used by them. One of the most widely used geometric motifs in the art of coin embroidery is the circle motif, which creates the original design on the background in the form of round mirrors. The divine truth is expressed through the mirror. The use of proportions and symmetry of motifs such as circles, squares, triangles, and rhombuses is one of the main rules of geometric motifs in the art of coin embroidery, and plant motifs are also formed as abstract designs while maintaining geometric features. Human characters such as eyes, human, man and woman, etc. can be seen in the examples of Sistan and Baluchistan coin embroidery patterns, and human characters do not have a clear resemblance to humans, and in fact, they are called by this name because of their similarity to human characteristics. A symbol such as Konak (fish ear) is one the symbols that refer to the authenticity and identity of the coin, Kochak is obtained from Lake Hamon and has a meaning of white color and expresses purity, innocence and purity, and reminds people that Lake Hamon is sacred. The third largest lake in our country, Hamon, is located in Sistan and Baluchistan, and it has been mentioned numerous times in history, literature, and Avesta. This harmony between geometric motifs, astronomy, nature, abstraction, animal and human motifs with the art of coin embroidering should be attributed to women artists and coin embroiderers who create such roles without any training experimentally and mentally. Other important features of the art of Baloch embroidery are the variety of colours and the multiplicity of colours. The color in this art is formed by colored woolen threads, and in most coin embroidery, the dominant color on the background is almost 80% red and green, and colors such as blue and white are also available in all samples. In the art of coin embroidery, each color has its own rules to follow. سکه‌دوزی, سیستان و بلوچستان, نقوش, نماد coin embroidery, Sistan and Baluchestan, motifs, symbol 25 38 http://jih-tabriziau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-583-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Marjan Noori مرجان نوری marjan.noori2684@gmail.com 10031947532846004806 10031947532846004806 No Ferdows Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran گروه پژوهش هنر، مؤسسه آموزش عالی فردوس، مشهد، ایران Javad Amin Khandaqi جواد امین خندقی j.amin@ferdowsmashhad.ac.ir 10031947532846004807 10031947532846004807 Yes Department of Dramatic Literature, Ferdows Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran گروه ادبیات نمایشی، مؤسسه آموزش عالی فردوس، مشهد، ایران Rahele Fadavi راحله فدوی raheleh_fadavi@yahoo.com 10031947532846004808 10031947532846004808 No Islamic Arts, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran دانشکده هنرهای صناعی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران